Compressor



Patented Sept. 20, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT; OFFICE MICHELE A. GASERTA,OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN COMPRESSOR Application filed March 19, 1930. SerialNo. 437,238.

This invention relates to compressors and more particularly to a novelconstruction thereof tending to simplify, render more ellicient andimprove the same generally.

Compressors are sometimes requested for special applications, as forinstance for starting airplane motors, which must be small indimensions, light in weight, and must supply a small quantity of fluidcompressed to high pressure. i

To comply with these requirements, my invention provides means operatingat high velocity to give a first compression to the fluid (which usuallyis air) and means operating at lower speeds for further compressing saidfluid to higher degrees of compression. In the case of a multi-cylindercompressor in which the fluid is compressed through several compressionsteps, degrees or stages, and

each successive degree of compression is ob tained in one cylinder onlyor in a group of collaborating cylinders, in accordance with myinvention the speed of the operative parts of each cylinder or group ofcylinders can be made inversely proportional to the degree ofcompression reached in said cylinder or group of cylinders; this resultsin the fluid beingcompressed in each cylinder or group of cylinders at aspeed approximately inversely proportional to its density. By thisarrangement even if the volume of compressed fluid required for theparticular case is very small, the size of the highest stage compressingmeans may be kept of reasonably large size owing to the low operatingspeed, the said large size being very advantageous for con structionpurposes and for dissipating the heat generated by high compression. Onthe other hand, for the first stages, wherein the fluid has large volumeand is cooler, the compressing means operates at high speed and cantherefore be of smaller proportions,

which is beneficial for the lightness of the compressor.

Another advantage of my invention is that the compressor shaftsoperating at different speeds can readily be used for power takeofis.For instance, if the compressor is used for supplying compressed fluidto start internal combustion engines, a fluid distributor can be drivenat proper speed and timing by one of the compressor shafts and otheraccessorles as for mstance a timer, or an oil 'or water pump, can bedriven by other shaft form herein illustrated the compressor con-' sistsof two cylinders only, corresponding to first and second stages ofcompression, compressors may be readily designed which would fall withinthe scope of this invention and which would employ a greater number ofcylinders and a greater number of stages, each stage consisting of onecylinder only or agroup of cylinders.

The form of the invention herein illustrated and referred to, isparticularly de signed to be driven directly by an internal combustionengine, and includes a fluid distributor for starting purposes.

Referring now-more particularly to the drawing wherein like referencecharacters indicate like parts, it will be noted that the referencecharacter 1 indicates the shaft of the first stage cylinder and 2 theshaft of the second stage cylinder. A piston 3 is piston 4 in the secondstage cylinder. indicated respectively by the reference characters 5 and6. The reference character 7 1ndicates theintake valve and 8 the outletvalve of the first stage cylinder, and the reference characters 9 and 10indicate respectively, the intake and outlet valves of the second. stagecylin der.

The reference character 11 indicates the compressed fluid line from thefirst cylinder arranged in the first stage cylinder and a so to areceptacle 23, and the reference character 12 indicates the compressedfluid line from this receptacle to the second cylinder 6. The outletline for the compressed fluid from the second cylinder is indicated bythe reference "chapacter 13.

The reference character 14 indicates the compressor body in which gears15 and 16, and shafts 1 and 2 are arranged. The gear 15 is keyed orotherwise fixed toshaft l and the gear 16 is similarly fixed to shaft2." The ratio of gears 15 and 16 is such that shaft 2 is driven at halfthe speed of shaft 1.

The reference character 17 indicates a fluid distributor, for which noclaim is made in the present application. The reference character 18indicates a compressed fluid receptacle and 19 the rotary part of thedistributor which may be conveniently driven by shaft 2 as indicated inFigure 2. The reference characters 20 and 21 indicate ports in therotary and stationary parts respectively of the distributor whichdeliver the compressed fluid to a means active in the starting of theengine. The compressed fluid is supplied to the distributor through port22 connected in any suitable manner to, for instance, the'conduit -13. II

The receptacle 23 interposed between the first and second stagecylinders, serves the purposes of-cooling the fluid between the firstand second stages and compensates for variations in pressure in theportsor conduits 11 and 12 due to the different operating speeds ofpistons 3 and 4:.

When the shaft 1 is driven, as'for instance by the engine, air is suckedpast valve 7 into the first cylinder indicated by the referencecharacter Sand after compression the said fluid is forced through valve8 and'con'duit 11 into receptacle 23. From this receptacle 'it passesthrough conduit 12 and valve 9'into the second stage cylinder 6 where itundergoes the second compression and is finally delivered through valve10 to conduit 13.'

What I claim as my invention is:

1. In a combination, means forcompressing fluid through a plurality ofstages, and

means for 'driving saidcompressing'means at a speed inverselyproportional to thecompression reached in each stage. 1

2. In a fluid compressor, means for compressing fluid to graduallyhigher densities,

and interconnected means for driving said compressing means at speedsinversely pro- '3. In a fluid compressor, a-plurality of cylinders andpistons for compressing said fluid, a plurality of shafts correspondingto pressing means at speeds inversely proportional to the density of thefluid on which said compress ng means operate.

4. In a fluid compressor, a plurality of compressing means, a pluralityof driving means corresponding to said compressing means said drivingmeans being mechanically interconnected and operating at speedsinversely proportional to the degree of compression, reached by thefluid in correspondence With said. compressing means.

5. In a fluid compressor, cylinders and pistons for compressing saidfluid, shafts cor responding to said cylinders, and means connectingsaid shafts for driving said pistons atspeeds inversely proportional tothe degree of compression reached in the corresponding cylinders.

V 6. In means forstarting internal combustion engines by compressedfluid, means for compressing fluid to higher densities, and meansinterconnecting and driving said com- 7. In means for starting internalcombustion' engines by compressed fluid, a plurality of cylinders andpistons for compressing said fluid, a plurality of shaftscorrespondingto said cylinders, and means for. driving said shafts at speedsinversely proportional to the degree of compression reached in thecorresponding cylinders. r

8. In a fluid compressor, a plurality of fluid compressing means, meansdriving said compressing means at speedsinversely proportional to thedegree of. compresslon reached by the fluid in correspondence with saidcompressing means, and a fluid receptacle between said compressingmeans.

9. In a fluid compressor, atplurality of compressing means, a pluralityof shafts driving said compressing means, and means interconnecting anddriving said shafts at speeds-inversely proportional to the degree ofcompression reached by said fluid in correspondence with saidcompressing means.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

MICHELE A. oAsERTA.

portional to the density of the fluid on which said compressing meansoperate.

speeds being inversely proportional'to' the degree of compressionreached by the fluid V in said cylinders. V p

